Upper layer shoots of Sasa nipponica in open space with R. japonicum under tree crowns and standing nearby tree stands tended to have many flowers and leaves with opening buds. japonicum and Spiraea japonica 70-100cm in height, had no flowers and leaves because their shoots did not have winter buds, but some lower part shoots in the same. An empirical study was conducted and reasons for the lack of flowers were considered. Amari, in western Yamanashi Prefecture, central Japan in 2004. In 2003 the snail was discovered on the eastern side of the Bay just south of Crown Beach, and by 2005 it was the most abundant snail at the Beach.įew Rhododendron japonicum flowers have been observed on Mt. Interestingly, around the same time that a population of the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas became established in the South Bay, though it's unclear whether there's a connection. The bubble snail had been reported from a few sites in Washington in the 1980s, probably imported with Japanese oysters, and was found in southwestern San Francisco Bay in 1999. Naturally, it was initially thought that this outbreak was due to the same exotic snail and flatworm as had caused the previous outbreaks, but this time the carrier turned out to be a recently introduced Japanese bubble snail (Haminoea japonica) and the parasite a previously unknown flatworm in the genus Gigantobilharzia (Brant et al. Warnings about the new outbreak were issued by the Alameda County Environmental Health Department and posted at the beach, and cases have been reported each spring and summer since. Then in June 2005, approximately 90 elementary school children developed swim-mer's itch after a class outing to Crown Beach during the last week of school. An outbreak at Crown Beach in Alameda in the 1950s and another in Surrey, British Columbia that started in 2002 were both caused by an Atlantic Coast flatworm (Austrobilharzia variglandis) carried by an introduced Atlantic mudsnail (Ilyanassa obsoleta) (Grodhaus & Keh 1958 Leighton et al. It is generally unknown in Pacific coastal waters except for a few outbreaks associated with exotic organisms. Symptoms are similar to those caused by exposure to poison oak, with an itchy, red rash that can last for weeks. Swimmer's itch, common in some freshwater ponds and lakes, is caused when a parasitic flatworm that normally develops in a water snail and then burrows through the skin and into the circulatory system of a water bird (where it matures and mates) instead burrows into a human swimmer or wader. However, other state parks and waterbodies have the potential to have swimmer’s itch as well.Exotic species, one of the greatest threats to aquatic life in the Bay, also pose a nuisance for people who swim in the Bay.
The Pond is not connected to the rest of the bay's body of water. Willard Bay State Park has received reports of visitors impacted by the itch that visited 'The Pond'. It is found throughout the world and is more common during the summer months. Willard Bay State Park wrote on Facebook: "Swimmer’s Itch is an irritating, yet harmless rash caused by the human body’s allergic reaction to a free-swimming microscopic parasite (cercarial) found in shallow water. They are also recommending that visitors wash off in the free showers that are available to guests. Park officials states that The Pond isn't connected to Willard Bay Reservoir. That's when they experienced the reaction.Īccording to the Utah Department of Health, it's caused when "parasites burrow into the nearby swimmer's skin, causing an allergic reaction and rash." One Utah state park is warning visitors of an allergic reaction that some have been experiencing, called "swimmer's itch."įOX 13 SLC reported that Willard Bay State Park in Box Elder County were wading in an area of the park called The Pond.
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